Title: HOW to Identify and Manage Ash Yellows in Forest Stands and Home Landscapes
Author:
Year: 1994
Publication: NA-FR-03-94. [Radnor, PA]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Area State & Private Forestry
Abstract: Ash yellows is a recently discovered disease that causes slow growth and decline of ash (Fraxinus) species. Ash yellows went undetected until the 1980's because its symptoms were not differentiated from those of decline caused by adverse environmental factors such as drought, shallow soils, flooding, or parasitism by opportunistic fungi. Current knowledge supports the theory that ash decline can result from various causes, and ash yellows can be, but is not always, a causal factor.
Online Access: http://www.na.fs.fed.us/Spfo/pubs/howtos/ht_ash/ash_yell.pdf
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