trees Invasive Plant Resources

-- Invasive Plant Projects --
Monitoring, Tracking and Mapping
Revised Jan 9, 2006  DJE

Note: This list was compiled in 2004 by the Invasive Plants Association of Wisconsin (IPAW) and the Wisconsin DNR, and thus contains a preponderance of Wisconsin projects.  It will be updated with details about projects from other states as information becomes available. 

  ** [[Paul This needs some jump buttons to get to and from different sections]]

CONTENTS
A.  Wisconsin-based Projects  (#s 1-24)
B.  Projects in Other States: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota  (#s 25-33)
C.  Projects Involving Multiple States  (#s 34-37)
D.  Regional and Nationwide Projects  (#s 38-47)

 

A.  WISCONSIN-BASED PROJECTS

1.  Title:  USFS Mapping and Control Project

      Contact: Linda Parker (lrparkerfs.fed.us), Forest Ecologist, Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, (715) 762-5169
            Website:   http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/cnnf/natres/nnis/maps/index.html [do we want all the web links to be active?]

 

            Geographic area: Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forests, Wisconsin

Species tracked: All are invasive plants.  * = state designation.      
·     Leafy Spurge (Euphorbia esula)   Noxious*
·     Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense)   Noxious*
·     Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)    Nuisance*
·     Buckthorns (Rhamnus cathartica & R. frangula)
·     Asiatic honeysuckles (Lonicera tartarica, L. morrowii, and L. x bella)
·     Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
·     Spotted knapweed (Centaurea biebersteinii and other Centaurea species)
·     Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii)
·     European marsh thistle (Cirsium palustre)
·     Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
·     Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculata)
·     Siberian pea (Caragana arborescens)
·     Eurasian water-milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum)
·     Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea)
·     Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum)
·     Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)
·     Common reed (Phragmites australis)
·     Curly pondweed (Potamogeton crispus)
·     Forget-me-not (Myosotis arvensis)
·     Bishop’s gout-weed (Aegopodium podagraria)
·     Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
·     St. John’s-wort (Hypericum perforatum)
·     Common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare)
·     Purple crown vetch (Coronilla varia)
·     Narrow-leaved cattail (Typha angustifolia)
·     Brittlestem hempnettle (Galeopsis tetrahit)
·     Sweet William (Dianthus barbatus)
·     Bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare)

Description:  USFS uses an ARC-GIS and Oracle-based information system
(TERRA) to map and store data.  Site-level inventory protocol is consistent
with the North American Weed Managers Association (NAWMA) standards. Inventory and control efforts have been underway since 1997.  Maps are available on the website.

2.  Title:  Invasive species tracking in Milwaukee County Parks
           
Contact: Ken Solis (solis1drjump.com)
            Website:  http://www.theparkpeople-milwaukee.org

            Geographic area: Milwaukee County Parks, Wisconsin

Species tracked: Garlic mustard, common buckthorn, dame’s rocket, and hybrid bush honeysuckle

Description: Ken Solis, a volunteer for Milwaukee County Park People in the Weed-Out volunteer program, has surveyed most of the natural areas in the Milwaukee County Park System, especially for garlic mustard, buckthorn, dame’s rocket, and honeysuckle.  He used a 1 to 5 scale to denote the level of infestation for a particular area and a particular species in a park (e.g. G4=severe infestation of garlic mustard). He then gave an overall impression of the level of infestation in that park. Rating the level of infestation is important for guiding the prioritization of weeding. Many parks have "picnic maps" which have enough landmarks so that invasive weed populations can be relocated.  For parks and parkways that do not have picnic maps, he used Delorme's topo 3-D maps in conjunction with a GPS unit and marked the location of invasive weed populations according to their latitude and longitude. 

3.  Title:  Greater Sauk County Invasive Species Team

Contact: Jen Stewart (jstewartco.sauk.wi.us) (Sauk County LCD), (608) 355-3245,

Geographic area: Sauk County, Wisconsin

Species tracked: Invasive plant species

Description: This team gathers and disseminates current information on invasive plant species, supports local initiatives to educate, monitor and control species, and organizes educational programs such as the highway personnel seminar [what’s this?] and garlic mustard signs and boot brush placement on trail heads.  The team received a National Fish and Wildlife Foundation grant to focus efforts in the Baraboo Hills for the years 2005-2006.

4.         Title:  Monroe County Invasive Plant Species Working Group

Contact: Kim Mello (kim.melloemh2.mccoy.army.mil) Fort McCoy.
Website: A brochure on invasive plants in Monroe County can be found at:
            http://www.co.monroe.wi.us/pub/files/200505261540120.Invasive_Brochures.pdf

            Geographic area: Monroe County, Wisconsin

Species tracked:  Leafy spurge, spotted knapweed, Canada thistle, purple loosestrife, garlic mustard, buckthorns, common teasel and a few other woody invasive shrubs such as honeysuckle, black locust, and autumn olive.  

Description:   The Monroe County Invasive Plant Species Working Group (MCIPSWG) first met in July 1998.  The Mission Statement developed by the group is twofold:  (1) To educate public and private interests in Monroe County on the impacts of invasive species and (2) To conduct and promote the control/eradication of invasive plant species through interagency cooperation. The partnership is comprised of the following agencies, organizations, and individuals: [do they have any current projects?]
 
Fort McCoy                                                   Monroe Co. Land Conservation Dept
WI Dept. of Transportation (DOT)               Monroe Co. Forestry Dept
WI Dept of Natural Resources                      Monroe  Co. Extension Office
Natural Resources Conservation Service      Monroe Co. 4-H
Sparta High School and other local schools  US Fish and Wildlife Service
University of WI-LaCrosse                           Private Landowners and Volunteers
Monroe Co. Highway Dept

5.  Title:  Central Wisconsin Invasive Plant Group

Contact: Jim Keir (Jim.Keirdnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR,  and Mike Engel (mike.engelfws.gov), U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

Geographic area: Central Wisconsin counties

Species tracked: Invasive plant species: especially leafy spurge and spotted knapweed

Description: The group has a project to map leafy spurge in three central Wisconsin counties and to control leafy spurge in Adams County. They are working with county highway departments to conduct the mapping on county highway maps.

6.  Title:  Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SEWRPC)

Contact: Don Reed (dreedsewrpc.org), and Larry Leitner (LLeitnersewrpc.org), both at (262) 547-6721.
Website:  www.sewrpc.org (there currently is little information pertaining to natural areas or invasive plants)

Geographic area: Seven southeastern Wisconsin counties

Species tracked: All plants and natural areas

Description: SEWRPC has mapped all natural areas in southeastern Wisconsin; including information on invasive plant infestations.

7.   Title: Platteville Area Invasives Mapping and Control
     
Contact: Tom Hunt (hunttuwplatt.edu), UW-Platteville   

Geographic area:  UW-Platteville area, Grant County, Wisconsin

Species tracked:  Invasive plant species

Description: Hunt coordinates an ongoing mapping and control project at UW-Platteville that concentrates on campus lands but includes extended areas along the Rountree Branch of the Platte River in Grant County. The group also works with other organizations such as the UW-Extension Basin Educators and Trout Unlimited to do extended work in local surroundings.

8.  Title:  Wisconsin State Herbarium website on Wisconsin Vascular Plants
           
Contact: Mark Wetter (mawetterwisc.edu), and Ted Cochrane (tscochrawisc.edu), (608) 262-2792.  State Herbarium, UW-Madison, 160 Birge Hall, 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison, WI  53706   
Website: http://www.botany.wisc.edu/wisflora

            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: All vascular plants in the state

Description: The Wisconsin State Herbarium web-based data system contains information on over 2,100 different species of vascular plants with approximately 5,500 photos as well as over 2,900 distribution maps. The website is navigated by searching or browsing on a variety of plant attributes including name, habitat, status, county, common name, family, and genera. Actual specimen data may be viewed. Links to other botany sites are also available. A new online data submission form will be available by late 2003/early 2004. [Is this the voucher form – now available?]

9.  Title:  UW-Stevens Point Herbarium – Plants of Wisconsin
           
Contact: Emmet Judziewicz, (Emmet.Judziewiczuwsp.edu) (715) 346-4248, and Merel Black, (mblack.wisc.edu) (608) 437-5353                                
Website: http://wisplants.uwsp.edu/Wisplants.html

            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Vascular plants (including invasive non-native plants), ethnobotanical plants, and byrophytes, with off-site links to lichens and fungi

Description: This website allows the user to search or browse for a plant by name; search the UWSP Herbarium's specimen database; and retrieve a listing of plants by county and/or status, town-range location, ethnobotanical uses, and blooming times. Plants have descriptions, photographs, and a current distribution map generated from all Wisconsin herbaria specimens with access to specimen labels. It also contains a browsing feature and an identification guide for a variety of species if input information is unknown. Information on the natural plant communities of Wisconsin is available as well.

10.  Title:  UW-Green Bay Herbarium website

Contact: Gary Fewless (fewlessguwgb.edu), (920) 465-2243, Curator, UW-Green Bay Herbarium, Dept. of Natural and Applied Sciences, Green Bay, WI 54311        
            Website:  http://www.uwgb.edu/biodiversity/herbarium

            Geographic area:  Wisconsin

Species tracked:  Ferns, trees, selected wetland species, and invasive species

Description:  The UWGB Herbarium web database offers a variety of plant lists to browse as well as excellent photos and some specific plant terminology. It contains general information regarding plant kingdoms and herbariums. This database may be used to obtain information on more common species because the lists are not large and there is no data input or searching.[Confusing sentence]
11.  Title: IPAW working list & database of invasive plants of Wisconsin
           
Contact: Jim Reinartz (jimruwm.edu)
Website: http://www.ipaw.org/newsletters/issue4.pdf
                    
            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Invasive plants

Description: The Invasive Plants Association of Wisconsin Science Committee developed a working list of invasive plants specific to Wisconsin. IPAW collaborated with the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission in 2002 to create a survey to gather observations from people across the state who are familiar with the impact and ecology of invasive plants. Respondents were asked to score species in a variety of areas, such as its ecological impact. After one year, 60 surveys had been collected with information regarding 2993 observations of the listed plants. A scoring system was used  in which the level of impact and level of disturbance were the main criteria for being placed on the working plant list. Of the original 311 species on the survey, 66 are now described as invasives on the IPAW working  list of species.

12.      Title:   NAWMA Data Collection Standards – Adapted for Wisconsin

Contact:  Chris Reyes, IPAW Science Committee Chair, (chrisreyesuwalumni.com)
Website: www.ipaw.org

Geographic area:  The North American Weed Managers Association (NAWMA) plant-reporting standards cover North America. The Invasive Plants Association of Wisconsin standards incorporate NAWMA standards, with additional data fields for Wisconsin and the Upper Midwest

            Species tracked:  Weeds and invasive plants
           
Description: A set of standard data fields is presented on several data collection forms.

13.  Title:  WDNR Natural Heritage Inventory

Contact: Betty Les, (Betty.Lesdnr.state.wi.us). and Julie Bleser, (Julie.Bleserdnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR, ER-6, 101 S. Webster St., Madison, WI  53707
Website: dnr.wi.gov/org/land/er/nhi

Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Rare and other resources. Invasives could be mapped using these systems. [Should we include projects that COULD map invasives but currently don’t? This one, ATRI, urban forestry, Nature Mapping.]

Description: The National Heritage Inventory (NHI) uses a specific mapping system established to map and track rare species and communities on a global basis. Some states use it to track invasives. NHI works with NatureServe, who are developing a national database for invasive species.

14.       Title: WDNR Aquatic and Terrestrial Resource Inventory

Contact: Jill Rosenberg, (Jill.Rosenbergdnr.state.wi.us), and Erin Crain, (Erin.Craindnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR, ER-6, 101 S. Webster St., Madison, WI  53707

Website: http://www.atriweb.info/indexIE.htm

Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Rare and other resources. Invasives could be mapped using these systems.

Description: The Aquatic and Terrestrial Resources Inventory (ATRI) is a compilation of various data sets on natural resources in Wisconsin. They are interested in working further with invasive species mapping.

15.  Title:  WDNR Aquatic Invasives Database
           
Contact: Ron Martin (Ronald.Martindnr.state.wi.us) Watershed Management, and Kate Barrett (Kate.Barrettdnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR
Website: http://www.dnr.wi.gov/invasives/aquatic.htm
           
            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Aquatic invasive plant and animal species.

Description: Data will be collected on aquatic exotic species in water bodies of Wisconsin. Aquatic invasive species information will be put into a geographic database. Monitoring protocols will be included for individual species. In addition, the Eurasian watermilfoil (EWM) database records the lakes in Wisconsin where Eurasian watermilfoil has been found. Included in the database is information about the surface area and waterbody code of the lake, its county, the person who first noted the occurrence of EWM at that location, the year of discovery (if available), and the herbarium where specimens were sent.
16.      Title:  Purple loosestrife and Phragmites mapping – Wisconsin Wetlands     
Association

Contact: Laura England (programswiscwetlands.org), WWA, Outreach Programs Director, Madison, WI, (608) 250-9971
Website: www.wiscwetlands.org
           
Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) and giant reed grass (Phragmites australis)

Description:   
Purple Loosestrife -- Statewide survey.  WWA has conducted about 30 training sessions around the state and welcomes new participants.  Volunteers survey Wisconsin's waterways and roadways for purple loosestrife by marking stand locations on a map and submitting data sheets with information about the infestation.  WWA will send training materials to anyone who wants to train a local group, and the instructions and datasheet can be downloaded.

Phragmites -- Coastal counties survey.  WWA has conducted about 15 training sessions in coastal counties and welcomes new participants.   Volunteers survey waterways and roadways for Phragmites by marking stand locations on a map and submitting data sheets with information about the infestation.. The instructions and datasheet can be downloaded from the website.           

17.      Title: Mapping and Biocontrol of Purple Loosestrife in Wisconsin

Contact: Brock Woods (Brock.Woodsdnr.state.wi.us), (608) 221-6349
Website:  http://dnr.wi.gov/org/es/science/publications/ss981_2003.htm
Purple loosestrife biological control manual for educators.

            Geographic area: Wisconsin

            Species tracked: Purple Loosestrife

Description:  Biocontrol insects have been released in several hundred sites by dozens of cooperators. These sites are being mapped and monitored. Known sites of purple loosestrife are also mapped.

18.  Title:  Invasive Plants of the Future

Contact:  Kelly Kearns (Kelly.Kearnsdnr.state.wi.us), (608) 267-5066, and David Eagan (David.Eagandnr.state.wi.us), (608) 267-7612. 
Website: http://dnr.wi.gov/invasives/futureplants

Geographic area:  Wisconsin

Species tracked: Selected potentially invasive plant species. 
1.  Wineberry or Wine Raspberry  (Rubus phoenicolasias
2.  Japanese Hops  (Humulus japonicus)   [WI] 
3.  Black Swallow-wort  (Vincetoxicum nigrum) [WI] 
4.  Pale Swallow-wort  (Vincetoxicum rossicum)  
5.  European Marsh Thistle  (Cirsium palustre) [WI]
6.  Common Teasel  (Dipsacus fullonum subsp. sylvestris) [WI]
7.  Cut-leaved Teasel  (Dipsacus laciniatus) [WI]
8.  Giant Hogweed  (Heracleum mantegazzianum) [WI]
9.  Japanese Hedge Parsley  (Torilis japonica) [WI]
10.  Field Hedge Parsley  (Torilis arvensis)
11.  Japanese Stilt Grass  (Microstegium vimineum
12.  Flowering Rush  (Butomus umbellatus) [WI]
13.  Hydrilla   (Hydrilla verticillata)
14.  European Frog-Bit  (Hydrocharis morsus-ranae)
15.  Water Chestnut  (Trapa natans)

Descrption:   This joint initiative of the WI DNR and Wisconsin State Herbarium (at UW-Madison) targets "invasive plants of the future" -- both terrestrial and aquatic -- that have the potential of becoming major problems in the state.  It is developing a model prevention program for identifying, reporting, controlling and monitoring occurrences.   Some of these new invasives are already here (see [WI] above), but in modest numbers or in limited areas.  Others are not known to have crossed our borders but are causing serious trouble elsewhere, in climate zones similar to Wisconsin's. 
     An illustrated brochure features the target species, with photos, descriptions and information on reporting and control methods.  Web-based resources also help get the word out on these plants.  Over the past two growing seasons, volunteer Weed Watchers around the state have helped identify occurrences, collect voucher specimens, report sightings to the UW Herbarium, and initiate control efforts.  A mapping database is being developed to track infestations, and a long-term control and monitoring strategy for each population will help determine if containment and eradication efforts are working.

19.  Title:  Causes and consequences of weedy plant invasions in forestlands

Contact:  Thomas P. Rooney (tproonywisc.edu) and Don Waller (dmwallerwisc.edu), Department of Botany, UW-Madison; 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison WI  53706

            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Invasive plant species

Description: This research project documents and quantifies the rates and extents of weedy plant invasion into forested lands of Wisconsin.  Measures of current vegetation are compared with those collected by John Curtis and his students  50 years ago.   Preliminary field surveys reveal that native and exotic weedy plants are quickly invading forests in both regions, potentially causing cascading interactions with other species that may contribute to the conspicuous declines in native plant diversity that have also been observed.   Patterns of invasion and species loss differ considerably between northern and southern Wisconsin. These two areas of the state vary in the degree of forest cover, forest type, forest fragmentation, patterns of management, and dominant patterns of land use. 

20.  Title:  Identification of Wetlands Dominated by Reed Canary Grass Using Landsat Thematic Mapper Imagery
           
Contact: Tom Bernthal (Thomas.Bernthaldnr.state.wi.us), and Amanda Schwoegler-Boos (Amanda.Schwoeglerdnr.state.wi.us">dnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR

            Geographic area: Wisconsin, but could be applied outside of WI

Species tracked:  Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea)

Description: Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper imagery (30m resolution) has been used to identify wetlands heavily dominated by reed canary grass.  Initially we mapped wetlands in a 185 km X 185 km pilot area  (one Landsat image, with the Madison isthmus at the center) into three broad classes relative to reed canary grass: heavily dominated, transitional (reed canary grass dominant but mixed with other vegetation), and areas not dominated by reed canary grass. The resulting digital map can be analyzed within the DNR’s GIS, using other land use attributes to identify disturbance factors (such as drainage ditches, roads, adjacent land use) related to reed canary grass invasion on a landscape level.  Future projects will investigate ways to integrate this method with site-specific wetland assessment methods, in a coarse filter / fine filter watershed assessment process.

21.  Title:  USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis Program (FIA) – Invasives pilot project

Contact: Vern Everson (Vern.Eversondnr.state.wi.us), Wisconsin DNR

            Geographic area:  Wisconsin

Species tracked: Forest invasive plants

Description: The FIA conducted a pilot project on inventorying invasive plants. Between September, 2003, and August, 2004, crews measured 133 plots in ten counties, including Adams, Ashland, Columbia, Iowa, Monroe, Oconto, Price, Rusk, Shawano and Walworth. During the summer months (June, July, and August), 55 of the 133 plots were revisited to determine whether invasive plants could be adequately identified during the winter. FIA was satisfied with the results of the winter/summer comparison, and the invasive plant inventory has been incorporated into the FIA program. It will be a number of years before enough data are available to estimate acreage infested or rate of expansion, but the information will be highly valuable in the future.

22.      Title:  WDNR Urban Forestry Program 

Contact: Dick Rideout (Richard.Rideoutdnr.state.wi.us), (608) 267-0843
Website: http://dnr.wi.gov/org/land/forestry/uf/Program

            Geographic area: Wisconsin

Species tracked: Invasive species in urban areas.

Description: The WDNR Urban Forestry Program will be starting an urban FIA pilot project that could include an inventory of invasive species.

23.      Title: Ecological Field Techniques Class for Educators

Contact:   
Don Waller (facstaff.wisc.edu">dmwallerwisc.edu), UW-Madison Botany Dept., and
Mark Leach (mkleachwisc.edu), UW Arboretum

Geographic area:  Wisconsin

Species tracked:  Plants and deer

Description: UW-Madison is developing a new course aimed at science teachers and naturalists. One goal is to develop a network of trained persons to conduct ongoing inventory and monitoring of weedy invasive species and deer densities. Course planners will work with the UW-Madison Herbarium to allow participants to submit data into a GIS data layer to provide data for both educators and researchers.

24.      Title: Wisconsin NatureMapping

Contact: Sarah Schmidt (sarabeavercreekreserve.org), Beaver Creek Citizen Science Center, (715) 877-2212
Website: www.wisnatmap.com

Geographic area:  Wisconsin

Species tracked: Currently any observed animals statewide, but project may expand to include invasive plants. 

Description:  Wisconsin NatureMapping is the reporting of observed animals in the state via an interactive internet site. Users can report animals they have seen as well as view other user’s reports. Through these reports, a cumulative database is created showing the distribution of animal species throughout the state. Training sessions are being offered for users to become registered observers.

B.  PROJECTS in IL, IN, MN

25.  Title:  Kudzu and Wild Yam Eradication Program

Contact: Jody Shimp (Jshimpdnrmail.state.il.us)

Geographic area: Illinois

Species tracked: Kudzu (Pueraria lobata), Chinese Yam (Dioscorea oppositifolia)

Description: Illinois DNR in cooperation with many other agencies and organizations is trying to locate, map, eradicate and monitor ALL sites in the state of kudzu and Chinese yam. 

26.  Title:  Inventory of Celastrus orbiculatus (Oriental bittersweet) invasions in       Southern Illinois

Contact: Jody Shimp (Jshimpdnrmail.state.il.us)

            Geographic area:  Southernmost 10 counties in Illinois

            Species tracked: Oriental bittersweet

            Description: Assess existing informal accounts of C. orbiculatus sightings,            vouchers and field reconnaissance and generate a digital map of verified           locations.

27.  Title:    Chicago Botanical Garden Weed Risk Assessment

Contact:  Lara Jefferson (chicagobotanic.org">LJeffersonchicagobotanic.org), and Kayri Havens (KHavenschicagobotanic.org) 
Website: http://www.chicagobotanic.org

Geographic area:  Northern Illinois

            Species tracked:  None tracked
           
Description:  Chicago Botanical Garden researchers have set up a system of weed risk assessments to review existing species in the gardens or species proposed for introduction. This involves running each species through the assessment models.

28.  Title: Shawnee National Forest - Invasive Plant Inventory and Mapping

Contact: David Gibson (dgibsonplant.siu.edu), (618) 453-3231, Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, 405 Life Science II, 1125 Lincoln Dr., Carbondale, IL 62901-6509
Website: http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/Invasives/index.html

Geographic area: Eleven-county area around the Shawnee National Forest, Illinois

Species tracked: Invasive plants

Description:  SIU-Carbondale is conducting an inventory of non-native plants that occur in the counties in which the Shawnee National Forest is located.  The project is compiling a database of all non-native plant records using herbarium records, literature sources, and personal knowledge of experts. When complete, this database will be queried to provide maps of non-native plant distributions and records of infestation as a guide for future management.

29.  Title:  Indiana's Invasive Plant Species Assessment

Contact: Ellen Jacquart (ejacquarttnc.org), The Nature Conservancy
Websites: http://www.in.gov/dnr/invasivespecies
http://www.inpaws.org/InvasivePlants.pdf  (Invasive plants brochure for Indiana)

Geographic area:  Indiana

Species tracked:  Invasive plant species

Description:  A group of concerned agencies and organizations formed the Invasive Plant Species Assessment Working Group (IPSAWG) and developed an assessment tool to measure which intentionally introduced plant species pose the greatest threat to Indiana’s natural areas.  Based on the assessment results, specific recommendations are made for each invasive species.  The members of IPSAWG then incorporate those recommendations into policies and regulations.  

[This already appears in Indiana’s state information – maybe link to that part of the website and remove the list here.]“Top 5” List.  This list was developed in 2004 by staff of the Indiana DNR Division of Forestry. Each person listed five plants they considered the worst invasives in their part of the state. For example, 19 people listed Tree-of-heaven among the five worst species in their area.

Tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima) 19
Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)  18
Bush honeysuckles (Lonicera spp.)  17
Multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora)  17
Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica)  14
Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata)  10
Kudzu (Pueraria montana)  6
Japanese stilt grass (Microstegium vimineum)  5
Tall fescue (Festuca elatior)  4
Oriental bittersweet (Celastrus orbiculatus)  2
Periwinkle (Vinca spp.)  2
Amur cork tree (Phellodendron amurense) 1
Amur maple (Acer ginnala)  1
Burning bush (Euonymus alatus)  1
Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense)  1
Common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)  1
Glossy buckthorn (Rhamnus frangula)  1
Japanese barberry (Berberis thunbergii)  1
Japanese hops (Humulus japonicus)  1
Japanese knotweed (Polygonum cuspidatum)  1
Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense)  1
Pampas grass (Cortaderia spp.)  1
Reed grass (Phragmites australis)  1
Privet (Ligustrum spp.)  1
Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)  1
Reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea)  1
Chinese bushclover (Lespedeza cuneata)  1
Winter creeper (Euonymus fortunei) 1

30.       Title:  Garlic Mustard Project, Michigan State University

Contact:  Jeff Evans (evansj18msu.edu) or Doug Landis (landisdmsu.edu) 
Website:  http://www.ipm.msu.edu/garlicmustard.htm
                                 
Geographic area:  Michigan’s Lower Peninsula

Species tracked: Garlic mustard, native woodland species

Description: While Michigan has extensive garlic mustard infestations, it lacks adequate baseline population data on garlic mustard, impacts on non-target plants and the potential for biological control to help manage this plant.  The objectives of current research are to:  1) Conduct pre-release evaluation of garlic mustard populations and distribution in Michigan.  2) Evaluate potential impact of herbivore feeding on population regulation in garlic mustard.  Researchers have established eight long-term garlic mustard monitoring sites in the southern Lower Peninsula. These sites span a mixture of forest types from dry hardwood (oak-hickory associations) to wetter sites (beech-maple association).  The forest plant community at each of these sites has been characterized and permanent quadrats have been established to evaluate population changes in garlic mustard and non-target plant species.  Studies at two of these locations will allow assessment of the level of herbivore impact necessary to regulate garlic mustard population dynamics. 

31.       Title: MN DNR Invasive Species Program (Terrestrial Invasive Plants)

Contact: Luke C. Skinner (luke.skinnerdnr.state.mn.us),
Minnesota DNR, 500 Lafayette Rd., St. Paul, MN  55155-4025
Website: To access the buckthorn and other invasive plant pages:    http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/index.html

            Geographic area:  Minnesota

            Species tracked:  Multiple species of terrestrial invasive plants

Description:  The MN DNR Invasive Species Program is leading an effort to improve management of terrestrial invasive plants on DNR managed lands.  Funding is being used to support a collaborative effort to enhance the DNR’s ability to effectively manage terrestrial invasive plants. Four areas were identified for funding: terrestrial exotics inventory, research on control methods, invasive species management, and information/education.
   Using standardized protocols developed by the DNR and MDA, more than 6,000 locations of invasive plant species on state-managed lands have already been mapped using GPS/GIS technologies. This includes surveys conducted in 20 state parks, 120 wildlife management areas and along 140 miles of state trails.  Managers will now be better able to target and monitor results of control efforts on these populations.
   In addition, funds are being provided to support additional research on bio-control methods for garlic mustard and buckthorn.  Research is also underway to refine methods of controlling Canada thistle in the Talcot area, where this weed dominates in many Wildlife Management Areas.  The goal of the research is to improve control of Canada thistle, reduce herbicide use and reduce impacts to native plants. 
   Best management practices are also being developed to reduce the movement of invasive plants during DNR management or development projects and funding is being provided for a demonstration project to manage invasive plants in a public/private effort across ownership boundaries in western Minnesota.  For some plants, web pages are being created to provide comprehensive information on ID and management strategies.  A page on Buckthorn is available at:  http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/woody/buckthorn/index.html   Other factsheets are available at http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/terrestrialplants/index.html

32.  Title: MN DNR Invasive Species Program (Purple loosestrife Management)

Contact: Luke C. Skinner (luke.skinnerdnr.state.mn.us),
Minnesota DNR, 500 Lafayette Rd., St. Paul, MN  55155-4025
Website: http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/ecological_services/invasives/plprog.html

            Geographic area: Minnesota

            Species tracked: Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)

Description:   Since 1992, four species of insects including two leaf-feeding beetles, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla, one flower-feeding weevil, Nanophyes mamoratus, and one root-boring weevil, Hylobius transversovittatus, have been introduced into the United States for control of purple loosestrife.  Since the first introductions in Minnesota, staff have evaluated establishment and control success of Galerucella spp.  Key components to the loosestrife program are: 1) cooperative rearing efforts; 2) establishment success; 3) landscape scale movement of control agents and its effect on insect distribution; and 4) control success and plant community response over the last decade.  To date, more than 8 million Galerucella beetles have been released into more than 800 loosestrife infestations statewide.  Galerucella has established at >85% of release sites visited since 1992.  Release sites that have not established may be affected by flood events, habitat preferences, and/or other management practices. More than 45% of the ~300 release sites visited in 2004 had >50% total defoliation of the purple loosestrife plants. This is a 30% increase from 1999. On many sites it took several years of defoliation before loosestrife stem densities were significantly reduced.  GPS and GIS technologies were used to map the movement of Galerucella spp. over time within four Minnesota wetlands in a small-scale study. It was found that the beetles dispersed throughout the purple loosestrife wetlands within 1-2 years after initial release. The ability of Galerucella spp. beetles to disperse from their original point of release to other neighboring, noncontiguous loosestrife infested wetlands was also examined.  In this large-scale study, over 160 sites were sampled in four distinct geographic areas in Minnesota. The beetles have dispersed up to 20 km and have colonized more than 85% of the sites surrounding the original release points within 4 years.

 

33.       Title: Minnesota DNR Invasive Species Program (Aquatic Plants and Animals)

Contact: Jay Rendall (jay.rendalldnr.state.mn.us),
Minnesota DNR, 500 Lafayette Rd., St. Paul, MN 55155-4025 
Website: http://www.dnr.state.mn.us/invasives/index.html

Geographic area: Minnesota

Species tracked: Aquatic exotic plants and animals

Description: Minnesota has an extensive aquatic exotics prevention and education program that includes tracking of water bodies with Eurasian water-milfoil and other invasive species.

 

C.  Projects Involving Multiple States 

34.  Title:  New Invaders Watch Program

Contact: Debbie Maurer (dmaurerco.lake.il.us), Lake County Forest Preserve District, and Karen Tharp (ktharptnc.org), The Nature Conservancy 
Website: http://ctap.inhs.uiuc.edu/newinvaders/home.aspx

Geographic area:   Chicago Region, including far Southeastern Wisconsin and Northwest Indiana

Species tracked:  Invasive plants and insects

Description: This early detection and rapid response program targets 15 plant and 2 insect species and is implemented through partnerships among volunteers, agency and NGO staff.  The website provides users with information on potentially exotic invasive species in the Chicago region, an online reporting form and database, and electronically alerts landowners when new populations are verified on their property. Participants can monitor and report new populations of target species, verify reports (Herbarium staff only), view recent reports made by others, and implement and provide information on control efforts (Rapid Response Network). 

35.  TitleGreat Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC)
           
Contact: Miles Falck (milesglifwc.org), and Steve Garske (stevegglifwc.org)
GLIFWC, P.O. Box 9, 100 Maple St., Odanah, WI 54861  (715) 682-6619

Website: www.glifwc.org/invasives
                                 
Geographic area: Northern Minnesota, Northern Wisconsin, and
Michigan’s Upper Peninsula

Species tracked: Many invasive species with special emphasis on purple loosestrife

Description: Using an interactive online reporting system, staff map and track purple loosestrife in the ceded territories (northern areas of MN, WI, and MI). Staff are developing a large database on characteristics of invasive plants. There are additional mapping projects as well.  Factsheets and photos of many invasives are on the website. 

36.  Title:  North Central Woodland Invasive Species Survey [is this still viable? I think it ended.]

Contact: Jason P. O’Brien (jpobrieniastate.edu), Nature Mapping Coordinator, Department of Natural Resources Ecology and Management, 124 Science II, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3221.  (515) 294-6440
Website:  www.nrem.iastate.edu/Invasive_Species/Invasives.html

Geographic area:  Iowa and southwestern Wisconsin

Species tracked: Garlic Mustard, hybrid bush honeysuckle, common buckthorn, and multiflora rose

Description:  Iowa State University and the Iowa DNR have developed a project to map the distribution and abundance of four woodland invasive plants.  The four target species are garlic mustard (Allairia petiolata), exotic bush honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica and L. maackii), common buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica), and multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora).  The project trains volunteers (primarily landowners) to survey both private and public woodlands throughout Iowa and southwestern Wisconsin.  Volunteers walk a transect through the woodland and record presence or absence of the species at a series of stops along the transect.  Data is electronically submitted and stored in Microsoft Access and Excel.  Locations are recorded using UTM coordinates (NAD83) and mapped in ArcView 3.2.  The timeline for the project was 2002-2003, but continuation of the project is hoped for. 

37.       Title:  Private forest landowner workshops to identify, control, and monitor invasive species [This doesn’t seem to fit with monitoring and mapping projects. The writeup doesn’t indicate that monitoring data is stored or served at any central location.] Contact: Gigi La Budde (bbfmhtc.net), (608) 588-2048, Community Forestry Resource Center - 2105 First Ave. S., Minneapolis, MN  55404. Project Director:  Kathryn Fernholz (kfernholziatp.org), (612) 870-3415 
           
            Geographic area:  Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota

Description: The Community Forestry Resource Center (CFRC) has recently received considerable support from granting agencies such as the Wisconsin DNR- Forest Stewardship Fund to conduct workshops for private forest landowners, resource managers, and loggers.  In 2004, eight such workshops were held (one under the "umbrella" of The Woodland School) with an average attendance of 25 people per session.  Workshops have been held throughout the state of Wisconsin, as well as Minnesota and Iowa. The audience is primarily private forest landowner group members, but the workshops are advertised locally and are open to the general public.  These workshops have focused on identification, control and monitoring of invasive plants.
     CFRC, established by the Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy, is a private, non-profit organization which promotes responsible forest management by encouraging the long-term health and prosperity of small, privately owned woodlots, their owners and their communities. 

D.  Regional or Nationwide Projects

38.  Title:  Invasive Plant Atlas of New England (IPANE) 

Contact: Les Merhoff  (uconn.edu">ipaneuconn.edu), University of Connecticut,                                 
Website: http://invasives.eeb.uconn.edu/ipane

Geographic area:  New England area

Species tracked:  Invasive plant species

Description: IPANE has created a comprehensive web-accessible database of invasive and potentially invasive plants in New England that is continually updated by a network of professionals and trained volunteers. The database facilitates education and research that will lead to a greater understanding of invasive plant ecology and supports informed conservation management. An important focus of this project is the early detection of, and rapid response to, new invasions. Users are able to search and browse a large number of invasive species as well as helpful maps. There is also a narrative on the invasive species project as well as an interactive quiz.
           
39.     Title:  USFS State and Private Forestry Program and Forest Resource Program Leaders

Contact: Mark Buccowich (mbuccowichfs.fed.us), (610) 557-4029 

            Geographic area: Northeast Area of U.S. Forest Service (20 states)

Species tracked: All invasive plants

Description:   A task force was developed to work on invasive species in forests in the 20 states in the Northeast Area of the Forest Service.  A subcommittee, the Invasive Forest Plant Task Force, was established to develop a strategy to address issues pertaining to invasive species in the Northeast Area.  This task force has gathered information and has prepared recommendations on a strategy to effectively address problems of invasive plant species on forest sustainability.  The recommendations address training of foresters and landowners, science and research, inventory of location and severity of invasive plants, and cost-share assistance for control of invasive plants.

40.  Title: Non-native invasive species on eastern National Forests [The writeup didn’t describe how inventory and monitoring data are stored and served, so I changed it.]

Contact: Nancy Berlin (fs.fed.us">nberlinfs.fed.us)
Website: http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/wildlife/nnis

            Geographic area: Eastern Region of the USFS, including National Forests in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, Indiana, Pennsylvania, New York, Vermont, New Hampshire and West Virginia.

Species tracked: Invasive plant and animal species

Description:   The U.S. Forest Service Invasive Plants Program has been active since the 1970s with initial emphasis on noxious weeds found on rangelands in the western U.S.  Approximately four million acres of National Forest System lands are infested with invasive plants nationally with 350,000 acres in eastern national forests. The Forest Service has set up a nationwide database to store information from National Forest inventories. It consists of an ARC-GIS and Oracle-based information system (NRIS-TERRA) used to map and store data.  Site-level inventory protocol is consistent with the North American Weed Managers Association (NAWMA) standards (www.nawma.org).
.  

41.      Title:  National and regional efforts to inventory, map and assess invasive
plants– an update.

Contact:  John Randall (jarandallucdavis.edu), and Barry Rice.  The Nature Conservancy, Wildland Invasive Species Team & University  of California, Weed Science Program, 124 Robbins Hall, University of California, Davis, CA  95616.

            Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked:  Any invasive plant or animal species

Description:   Plans call for the establishment of an invasive species assessment and monitoring network.  Some pieces of what could become a national or international network of databases on invasive species have formed.  For example, an assessment of invasive plant, animal and disease species on U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's wildlife refuges has been conducted and other federal and state agencies are planning or considering similar system-wide assessments.  There are also now several strong regional invasive plant inventory and mapping projects that aim to cover all public and private land within the regions they cover.  Among those which are well beyond the planning stage and into implementation include the Invaders Database System which covers five Northwestern states, the Southwest Exotic Plant Mapping Project which covers Arizona, New Mexico and parts of adjoining states, and the Invasive Plant Atlas of New England which covers the six New England states.  Creators of these projects have been careful to use a minimum set of common database fields so that it will be possible to share data within the entire network of databases.

42.  Title:  Weed Information Management System (WIMS)

Contact: Mandy Tu (imtutnc.org), (503) 802-8100, The Nature Conservancy's Global Invasive Species Initiative
Website: http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/wims.html

Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked: Invasive plants

Description: WIMS is a Microsoft Access-based relational database application developed by The Nature Conservancy that can be used to manage weed data.  WIMS keeps track of three types of data records: weed occurrences (GPS point locations), assessments (size and status of the weed infestation to facilitate monitoring over time), and management treatments. WIMS can be used on a handheld unit (either MS Windows-based Pocket PC or Trimble) with a GPS unit to capture data in the field.  TNC has made the WIMS application available free to all interested users.

43.       Title:  Prioritizing Invasive Species

Contact: Terri S. Killeffer. NatureServe, 1101 Wilson Boulevard, 15th Floor, Arlington, VA, USA, 22209. terri_killeffernatureserve.org.
Website:  www.natureserve.org

Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked:  All non-native plants

Description:  To date, despite many policies and programs focused on non-native species, there is no broad agreement on which non-native plants are considered the most invasive in the United States.  In 2002, in cooperation with The Nature Conservancy and the U.S. National Park Service, NatureServe completed a widely reviewed and tested scientific protocol for objectively assessing the invasiveness of non-native plants.  NatureServe is now applying this method on a national level to evaluate the invasiveness of approximately 3,300 species of non-native flowering plants, ferns, and conifers known to grow outside of cultivation in the United States.  Goals are to produce a scientifically credible list of the nation’s most invasive plants, produce a list of apparently non-invasive non-native plants, identify species in need of further research, distribute the information via a website, and provide other products and further analysis.  

44.      Title:   North American Weed Management Association (NAWMA)
Data standards

Contact:  NAWMA Staff (nawmarkymtnhi.com), (970) 887-1228
NAWMA, PO Box 1910, 461 E. Agate, Granby, CO  80446-1910
Website: www.nawma.org  (on sidebar, click on Mapping standards) 

Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked:  Weeds and invasive plants
           
Description: NAWMA developed mapping and data standards in cooperation with agencies and organizations to increase the ability to share weed occurrence information.  This effort is not intended to create a single database, but rather to create minimum standards so that basic information being collected is compatible.  Standards are intended to be used as a minimum set of data. They address the most basic information necessary to compare invasive species problems across tribal, county, state, national, and even international borders.
 
45.  Title:    GISIN (Global Invasive Species Information Network) Database

Contact: Elizabeth Sellers (esellersusgs.gov) and Annie Simpson (asimpsonusgs.gov) 
Website: www.gisinetwork.org

Geographic area: Nationwide, global

            Species tracked: All invasive species- plants, animals, and microorganisms
           
Description: An online resource of information on invasive alien species: biology, distributions, impacts, potential distributions, bibliography, and links.

46.       Title:  Nonindigenous Aquatic Plant Distribution Information - USGS

Contact: Myriah Richerson (myriah_richersonusgs.gov), NAS Program,
Website: http://nas.er.usgs.gov

Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked:  Non-indigenous aquatic plant species

Description: This website provides spatially referenced biogeographic accounts of non-indigenous aquatic species.  This site allows the user to perform data queries, examine species ranges, and research general taxa information.

47.       Title: U.S./China Invasive Species Monitoring and Modeling
     
Contact: Tom Albright (talbrighusgs.gov), University of Wisconsin-Madison and USGS/EROS Data Center)
Website: http://edcintl.cr.usgs.gov/invasive.html

Geographic area:  Nationwide

Species tracked: Invasive plant species originating from China including, but not limited to, Chinese tallow tree (Triadica sebifera), kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata), tree-of-heaven (Ailanthus altissima), and honeysuckle (Lonicera spp.).

Description: The U.S. and China are major sources of invasive organisms for each other due to floristic, climatic, and other geographic similarities coupled with their rapid transformation from historic isolation to very high levels of present-day trade and travel.  Because of this potential for biological invasions and abundant examples of currently invasive species in each country, the U.S. Geological Survey's EROS Data Center (EDC) and the Chinese State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (SBSM) have begun a partnership to model the potential ranges of invasive plants from both countries in the other. 

USDA Forest Service - Forest Invasive Plant Resources
February 6, 2005